ABSTRACT
An increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infection, which can lead to serious complications and death, has been detected in some patients who had Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, fungal infections increase the risk of mortality in long-term hospitalized COVID-19 patients. C. auris has emerged as a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen iso-lated from healthcare-associated infections globally. Studies have reported an increase in C. auris isolation in COVID-19 patients who developed candidemia. They stated that C. auris is the most isolated Candida species in blood cultures since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, replacing other Candida species. In the studies included in this study, the mean incidance of C. auris was found to be as 22.7% (74/325) in COVID-19 patients with suspected fungal infection. The aim of our study is to evaluate the literature published so far in Turkiye and in the world regarding the coexistence of C. auris and COVID-19, which was reported as an "immediate threat" by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). However, there is not enough information about the effect of C. auris coinfection on mortality and whether it is an indicator of the severity of COVID-19 infection. Well-designed and careful epidemiological studies are needed to define the true burden of invasive candidiasis in COVID-19 patients.
ABSTRACT
An increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infection, which can lead to serious complications and death, has been detected in some patients who had Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, fungal infections increase the risk of mortality in long-term hospitalized COVID-19 patients. C. auris has emerged as a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen isolated from healthcare-associated infections globally. Studies have reported an increase in C. auris isolation in COVID-19 patients who developed candidemia. They stated that C. auris is the most isolated Candida species in blood cultures since the beginning of the SARSCoV-2 pandemic, replacing other Candida species. In the studies included in this study, the mean incidance of C. auris was found to be as 22.7% (74/325) in COVID-19 patients with suspected fungal infection. The aim of our study is to evaluate the literature published so far in Turkiye and in the world regarding the coexistence of C. auris and COVID-19, which was reported as an "immediate threat" by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). However, there is not enough information about the effect of C. auris coinfection on mortality and whether it is an indicator of the severity of COVID-19 infection. Well-designed and careful epidemiological studies are needed to define the true burden of invasive candidiasis in COVID-19 patients.Copyright © 2023 Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The people of the world have faced and struggled with pandemics on several occasions from the past to the present. Today, the world has most recently faced the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic broke out on December 31, 2019, in Wuhan City, China. The WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic since it changed into a global pandemic, spreading rapidly to more than one country and causing an acute contagious pandemic. Likewise, it soon broke out in Turkey. Although many measures were taken to prevent the spread of the virus, its spreading speed continued to increase without interruption. As part of the measures, primary education, secondary education, high schools, and universities were suspended and the online education system was launched. In this context, this study reports on fears of COVID-19 among individuals in the field of sports sciences in terms of different variables. The paper consists of a total of 403 volunteers (f: 38 and m: 265), living in Sirnak province. The COVID-19 Phobia Scale (CP19-SE) was used as a data collection tool in the study. In the analysis of data, descriptive statistical methods, t-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Gabriel Post-Hoc Test were used. It was concluded that the scores of the psychological, somatic, and social sub-scales of the CP19-SE and the total score showed a statistically significant difference according to the gender variable, but the score of the economic sub-scale did not make a significant difference according to gender. In addition, the somatic and economic sub scales of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale and the total coronavirus scores showed a statistically significant difference according to the age variable. However, the CP19-SE did not show a statistically significant difference according to marital status, COVID-19 contraction, and department. It was found that the variables of gender, age, and employment status had an effect on the levels of COVID-19 phobia and that individuals were generally affected psychologically, somatically, socially, and economically in the context of COVID-19 phobia.
ABSTRACT
The new coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis has had a devastating impact across the world. Public administration discipline addresses emergency crisis management in various ways and dimensions. This article seeks answers to the question: "How can AI contribute to crisis management policies to fight against COVID-19 and its impacts?" To this, the techniques and methods of AI in fighting against the COVID-19 virus will be explained in various dimensions. AI can make significant contributions in the preparation, mitigation-prevention, response, and recovery policies in the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. If adopted, AI can be used to find better treatment routes and drug development. Equally, policymakers can benefit from AI as decision support to reach high-quality decisions through fast and accurate data. The paper concludes that governments should create and implement effective AI-based crisis management strategies to fight against the epidemic locally, regionally, nationally, and internationally with a multi-level governance perspective.
ABSTRACT
Background and Study Aim Common use of surgical face masks is recommended for social and individual health due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is no systematic report for responses of organism to wearing a surgical face mask during different exercises. In this context the purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of wearing a surgical face mask during a one-hour brisk walking. Material and Methods A total of thirty male (n=16) and female (n=14) volunteers (mean age and BMI of 32 +/- 1.07 years and 25.1 +/- 0.68 kg/m(2), respectively) completed the protocol. This was a multiple cross-over trial for healthy volunteers. All participants took a one-hour brisk walking with and without a surgical face mask. Specific physiological measurements (HR - heart rate;BP - blood pressure, SaO(2) - arterial oxygen content) were compared before and immediately after two brisk walking. Each subject served their own control. Results The evaluation found that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean HR and blood pressure values during the brisk walking with and without a surgical face mask, while there was a statistically significant difference in the SaO(2) values on behalf of no-mask-walking (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of surgical face masks in healthy volunteers causes a decrease in SaO(2) during brisk walking. However, it does not affect the mean pulse rate and blood pressure. Although there was a statistically significant decrease in the SaO(2) parameter during mask-walking, it is possible to state that brisk walking with a surgical face mask does not have a physiologically negative impact, because this decrease is in ranges that are accepted to be normal.
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new variant form of coronavirus that is responsible of coronavirus disease of 2019 (Covid-19). Although the virus mainly infects the lung epithelial cells causing respiratory signs and symptoms, there has been an upsurge of cases who presented with Covid-19-induced acute myocarditis. Currently, several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the underlying pathophysiology of Covid-19-related acute myocarditis. It has been suggested that a direct viral contact through an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) signaling pathways might have a role in the myocardial injury. In addition, cytokine release syndrome has been proposed to be the main pathophysiology of Covid-19-induced acute fulminant myocarditis. In this case-based review, we aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, imaging findings, and in-hospital course of acute myocarditis as well as the limitations in regard to myocarditis diagnosis. Methods: We performed a review of the literature of all patients who were reported to have Covid-19-induced acute myocarditis using the databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane. All databases have been searched on June 2020 for the following search inputs: ''covid-19, acute myocarditis' and 'covid-19, acute myopericarditis'. In total, 16 case reports have found to be related with Covid-19-induced acute myocarditis. Despite the fact that neither endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) nor cardiac magnetic rezones imaging (CMR) have been performed in several reports, the cases reported under the title of acute myocarditis have been included in order to provide the current circumstance in terms of acute myocarditis in Covid-19 era. Results: We observed that ECG findings in most of the Covid-19 patients were non-specific, including diffuse ST-segment elevation, non-specific intraventricular conduction delay, sinus tachycardia, and inverted T waves in anterior leads. Echocardiographic findings of Covid-19 acute myocarditis patients ranged from the preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) without segmental abnormalities to reduced LVEF with global hypokinesia. Interestingly, a few patients with Covid-19-induced acute fulminant myocarditis were steroid responsive and had an amelioration with glucocorticoid and immunoglobulin therapy. Conclusions: Despite the Covid-19 pandemic worldwide, a limited number of cases has been shared in the current literature. There are a lot of difficulties for the differential diagnosis of acute myocarditis in the context of Covid-19 and the information about Covid-19- related acute myocarditis remains unclear. Also, there is no consensus about the diagnostic and treatment algorithms in patients with Covid-19 acute myocarditis. Hence, further studies and case reports on Covid-19-associated acute myocarditis are needed to clarify an appropriate approach to these patients.